This descriptive analysis indicates a long-term safety profile of UPA consistent with previous reports, further supporting long-term treatment of chronic diseases with UPA. Burmester at al. characterized the safety profile of UPA across multiple approved indications and offer insights into its long-term use to help inform clinical decision-making.

August 2025

Baraliakos et al. compared real-world effectiveness of upadacitinib, TNF inhibitors, or IL-17 inhibitors following inadequate response to an initial TNF inhibitor in patients with axSpA. Upadacitinib was associated with greater reductions in pain and fewer affected joints compared with switching to a second TNF inhibitor or IL-17 inhibitor.

July 2025

Brandt-Jürgens et al. identified a difference between the incidence rates of uveitis in patients with PsA or axSpA when treated with secukinumab compared to placebo. The authors conducted a post hoc analysis of 11 placebo-controlled clinical trials which has observed that uveitis incidences in patients with PsA are consistent with clinical trial data, and patients with axSpA show a lower incidence of uveitis compared to other publications.

Merola et al. showed that the safety profile of ixekizumab (IXE) supports its long-term use in patients with PsO, PsA, or axSpA, without an increased risk for malignant neoplasm development. Merola et al. investigated the incidence rates of malignant neoplasms among patients with PsO, PsA, or axSpA who underwent long-term treatment with IXE, an IL- 17A antagonist.

March 2025

Van den Bosch et al. reported that upadacitinib 15 mg once daily led to sustained improvement in nr-axSpA over two years, including disease activity, pain, and quality of life. The study reports that 57.1% achieved ASAS40 response at week 104, with no new safety signals identified.

February 2025

Deodhar et al. assessed the long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of bimekizumab in patients with r-axSpA over five years. The study found that bimekizumab maintained disease control achieved at Wk48 through Wk256, with no new safety signals observed. Adverse events were consistent with previous reports, and clinical benefits, including improvements in disease activity and patient-reported outcomes, were sustained.

Baraliakos et al. evaluated the long-term safety and efficacy of bimekizumab in axSpA through a 2-year analysis of the BE MOBILE 1 and BE MOBILE 2 studies. Bimekizumab was well tolerated, with a consistent safety profile and no new safety signals. Clinical improvements, including ASAS40 response and MRI remission, were sustained through Wk104.