Upadacitinib monotherapy versus methotrexate monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: efficacy and safety through 5 years in the SELECT-EARLY randomized controlled trial

van Vollenhoven et al. compared the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib monotherapy to methotrexate monotherapy over five years in methotrexate-naïve patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study found that upadacitinib provided better long-term efficacy and higher rates of disease activity remission than methotrexate; however, it was associated with higher incidences of adverse events, particularly at the higher dose of 30 mg.

The study aimed to assess the long-term effects of upadacitinib on clinical remission, disease activity, and safety outcomes compared with methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, particularly focusing on those who were methotrexate-naïve and at risk for structural joint progression.