Strand et al. showed that TOF was efficacious across both sexes, with higher responses in males observed particularly for more stringent composite endpoints and PROs. Authors conducted a post hoc analysis of placebo-controlled RCTs to evaluate TOF efficacy, safety, and persistence by sex, and explored whether age-related factors contribute to differences in treatment response between males and females.

This real-world analysis from the RA-BE-REAL study evaluated early achievement of remission or LDA at 3 months and long-term outcomes at 24 months in adults with RA starting baricitinib or other b/tsDMARDs. Patients who achieved remission/LDA at 3 months experienced greater improvements in pain, physical function, and quality of life compared with patients who did not.

Temiz et al. showed that this long-term data provides strong evidence that BARI maintains its clinical efficacy, drug survival and acceptable safety profile as monotherapy over several years in a real-world setting. Authors evaluated the long-term efficacy, drug survival and safety of BARI monotherapy versus combination therapy in a prospective cohort of patients with RA.

Lui et al. showed that Ivarmacitinib significantly reduces the need for adding or escalating medications compared to PBO, thereby potentially decreasing treatment burden. Authors evaluated ivarmacitinib in patients with moderate-to-severe active RA who had IR to csDMARDs.

In this real-world study, Baraliakos, et al. SC IFX demonstrated clinical effectiveness in both
r- and nr-axSpA, with consistent results across diverse patient characteristics. Both physicians and patients reported high satisfaction with no new safety concerns. Authors assessed the real-world outcomes of CT-P13 SC (SC IFX) as treatment for both r- and
nr-axSpA.

Salvato et al. showed that the combination of GC and b/tsDMARDs did not provide additional clinical benefits after 12 months, suggesting that chronic GC use alongside advanced therapies should be avoided. Authors assessed the impact of chronic oral low-dose GCs on the efficacy and retention rates of JAKi compared to other mechanisms of action (OMA) therapies in a cohort of RA patients with inadequate response to TNFi.

Bakay et al. report  that upadacitinib (UPA) demonstrated sustained efficacy across musculoskeletal and skin domains in PsA patients with prior inadequate response to TNF inhibitors, with a safety profile consistent with previous reports.  Authors conducted a retrospective, single-centre observational study evaluating musculoskeletal disease activity, psoriasis, and patient-reported outcomes following initiation of UPA.

Gollins et al. reported that within this cohort, the Psoriatic arthritis response criteria (PsARC) response to 4^th+ lines of b/tsDMARD was not significantly reduced compared with 2^nd/3^rd line in participants who had failed at least 3 b/tsDMARDs. Authors evaluated the primary clinical response to sequential lines of b/tsDMARD therapy in PsA, focusing on the effectiveness of later line treatments.